Hand-tool.



J. H. BALDWIN.

HAND TOOL.

APPLIQATI N FILED 001. 9, 1911.

r Patented Ma r. 25, 191% [aroma H. BALDWIN, or sPRINGFIELmMIssoURI'.

HAND-TOOL.

Specification of Letters latent.

Patented lllar. 25, 1913.

Application filed October 9, 1911. Serial No. 653,766.

To'all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatI, JOHN H. BALDWIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Springfield, in the county of Greene and State of- Missonri,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hand- Tools, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to hand tools, and

has "for its object to produce a simple,

'st'ron durable and efficient tool which is 4, ,equal y serviceable as awrench or pair of pliers.

With this general object in view, the invention consists in certainnovel apd peculiar. features of construction and organiza- I, ,tion as.hereinafter described and claimed;

and in order that itmay. be fully understood 'j,,rcference is to be hadto the accompanying drawing, in which i 're 1, is a side view of a toolembodying t e invention. Fig. 2, is an enlarged fra ntary view with thejaw of one lever omitted and the pivot in section; said figure alsoshowing the jawless lever withdrawn preliminary to adjusting it to theposition p it occupies in dotted lines in Fig. 1. Fig. 3,

is a fragmentary inner face view of the jaw for the adjustable or'jawless lever. Fig. 4,

is an enlarged section on the line IVIV of Fig. 1', Fig. 5, is anenlarged section on the i line V-V of Fig. 1.

The tool consists of six parts-a lever 1 'havin a circular head 2 and ajaw 3; av lever- 4 aving a tongue 5; a circular head 6 having a jaw 7 apivot-bolt 8, a nut 9, and aspring washer, 10.

The lever 1, head 2 and jaw 3 are preferably of integral formation ascommon in plier. construction, the head being half thick as the leverand jaw, and the lastnamed elements occupying a substantially parallelrplation and are so proportioned that their inner faces extend radiallywith respect to the head. i

The head 2, is rovidcd with a pivot hole 11, at its inner si c with arecess 12, the rear portion of the recess flaring rearwurdly at 13, theflaring end of the recess at the side thereof opposite from the leverconverges forwardly with respect to the latter and ,constitutes ashoulder 14, which limits the opening movement'of the tool, as'willhcremafte'rappear, and forward of the recess to extensions 0 providedwith a longitudinally extendin The head 6 and jaw 7 are integrallyformed, and respectively correspond in thickness to head 2-and jaw 3,the head 6 fitting flatly against head 2 and snugly between lever l andjaw 3 and having an outwardly projecting portion 16 for endwiseengagement with lever 1 when the tool is fully opened. The head isalsoprovided with a pivot hole 17, and at its inner side with a recess18 having a rearwardl flaring portion 19; the portion of the ead inwhich portion 19 of recess 18 occurs being provided with eripheralnotches 20 and'21. baid head is a soprovided with a wire-re;- ceivingnotch 20.

The lever i-and tongue 5 are of integral .70 notch 22 diametricallyopposite 1 formation, ,.the former being of the same 1' thickness aslever 1 and the tongue of less thickness'tolfit snugly in recesses 12and 18, the tongue being narrow so as to be capable of edgewise ivotalmovement in the, flaring said notches; The tongue is key-holeslot 23,the circular portion thereo constituting a pivot hole. At one side ofthe 24 extendin radially of the said pivothole and adapte for engagementwith eitherof the notches 2021.when said pivot holeend of the slot 24 isalined with pivot holes 11 tongue the lever 4 is provided with a tooth'and 17, it being noted that when tooth 24 is in engagement with notch 21the tool is. adapted for use as liers or as a wire cutter, and that whensaid tooth is in engagement with notch 20, the tool is adapted for useas a wrench, it being also noted that theinner faces of the jaws-areserrated at- 25, to insure a firm grip on the object tobe turned.

such as a tap or pipe.

The pivot bolt 8 having the usual radially nicked head extends throughthe, pivot holes 11 and 17 and the ke hole slot of the tongue, and whereitexten sthrough the latter is cut away at op ositesides to provide aportion 26 of substantially oblong shape in cross section incapable ofrotation in the narrow end thereof, the flat sides of portion 26n'eferablv aralleling the nick in the hen of the be t sothat thedisposition of the nick shall indicate that of the fiat side of thebolt. The latter is provided with a pair of small projections 27 at theunderside of its head to engage a pair of shallow depressions 28 in theouter face of one of the heads preferably head .6 to prevent the.

bolt turning while the tool. is in operation and engaging the lower endof the bolt is the thumb nut 9, which is preferably made irremovable byupset-ting or riveting the said lower end of the bolt.- To guard againstsuchnccidental endwise movement of the bolt as would effect thewithdrawal of the projections 27 from the said depressions, the s rinwasher 10 is interposed, between the t um nut and the head 2 of thetool, this washer being capable of yielding sufli ciently to permit thebolt to be turned throu h the instrumcntality of the thumb nut when itis desired to transform the tool from a pair of pliers into a wrench orafter the tool has been retransformed into pliers.

With the parts in the relation shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 4, the toolis'adapted for use as pliers or for cutting wire, it being noted thattheoblong portion 26 of-the-bblt extendstransversely of the tongue andhence prevents such movement of the latter as -would' withdraw-tooth 24from engagcn'ient with notch 21, and that with the parts in suchposition pressure applied on the levers will cause approaching movementof the jaws for the-purpose of clamping an object between them or forsevering a wire which extends through the wire receiving notches 15, itbeing of course understood that the latter areso formed as to readilycut the wire, as customary. It will also be noticed that there is nochance of the bolt turning accidentally when thc'device is being-used aspliers or as a wire cutter because the projections 27 are in engagementwith the depressions 28 of head 6.

lVhcn it is desired to convert the tool into a wrench the operator turnsthe bolt a quzin ter of a revolution to dispose the nick in the headthereof in alincmcni. with notch 21 and the oblong portion-26 of thebolt in alinement with the narrow portion of the keyhole slot of thetongue. If desired this adjustment may be facilitated by providing thehead 6 with a radial marking 29, as a guide in arresting the turning ofthe bolt at the proper point. he lever 4 is then drawn rearwardly to theposition shown in dotted lines ig. 2, where itwill be noticed tooth "24is disengaged from notch 21 and then the lever is swung inward untilarrested by conta t with lover I the pivot bolt of course turning withthe lover. As the lever is thus arrested, tooth is alined with notch 20so that the. said lever 4- may be forced forward to cause the toothQ-tto enter said notch 20 and thus lock the handle in its new position.

as regards pivotal movement. The forward movement of lover 4 rcdisposesthe bolt in the enlarged or pivot. hole of the keyhole slot. so that thebolt may then be turned 1mtil projections 27 reengage depressions 28, atwhich time the oblong portion of the bolt will again be extendingtransversely of the tongue and thus prevent lever 4 moving rearwardly sothat it shall bear a, rigid relation to lever 1, and with the latterconstitute a convenient handle for using the tool as a wrench, it beingnoted in this connection, that the tool can be used-as a wrench witn--out handle 4, as the engagement of portion or stop 16 of head (Slimitsthe separating or opening movement of thejaws, and the object wedgestightly between the jaws and thus prevents opposite or closing movementthcreof.'- To reconvert the tool into pliers, the bolt is turned untilthe nick in the head is in radial alinement with notch 20 and as a guidein so disposing the bolt, the head 6 is provided with a radial mark 00,extending from notch 20 to the head of the bolt-. The lever 4 is thendrawn rear\\'ardl v to withdraw tooth Qetfrom notch 20, and then midlever is swung outward to the position shown in dotted lines Fig. 2,when it is forced rcarwardly tov etfect reiingagement between its toothit and notch 21. The bolt is then turned back to its original position,and to facilitate its return to said position (shown in Fig. 1) head -6is provided wit-h one or more radial marks 31, extending at right anglesto mark or line 29, the nick in the head of the bolt occupying the sameradial plane as said mark or marks 31 as the projections 27 reiingagedepression 28.

To guard against accidental endwise movement of the bolt. and consequentdisengagement of projections 27 from depressions 28, the boltispreferably held under yielding pressure with its head against head 6,the washer 10, being a convenient means for accomplishing this purpose,and in this connection it is desired to state that, while the pivot boltis referred to herein and in the claims as a bolt, it is to beunderstood that said terln contemplates the use of a pin or non-threadedbolt as well as a threaded one.

By reference to Fig. 1. it will be seen that the teeth of the serratedjaws are disposed in opposite directions so that when the tool ismanipulated to turn a nut, pipe. or other object. the teeth of one ofthem is'positioncd to most etlicicntly perform its gripping function.and itwill also be understood that the teeth alternate so that when thejaws are closed the teeth of one shall enter the notches of the other.

lt. will bc observed that by reason of the fact that the handle of thetool, when the same is adapted for use as a wrench, stands at. one sideof a direct line leading from the pivot bolt between the jaws, the toolcan be used more conveniently in places which are ditlicult to reachthan an ordinary wrench, and asthc wrench is of the universal oralligator type it is adaptable for use in connection with taps and pipewhich vary materially in size.

From the above d p-azripiion it will be apr parent that have produced acombination tool embodying the features of advantage enumerated asdesirable, and I wish it tobe understood that while I have illustratedand described the preferred embodiment of the Invention, I do not desireto berestricted to the exact details of construction shown anddescrlbedas ObV-lOllSJilOdlfiCflilOIlS will sugtogether, and having forwardlyprojecting jaws, a le\ er rigid with and projecting from one of theheads, and a second lever reduced in thickness at its front end to forma tongue to-fit between said heads and provided with a longitudinalkeyhole slot, and a pivot extending centrally through said heads andsaid slot and flattened within the latter and capable of turning in theenlarged end but not in the narrow end thereof, and adapted whenoccupying a certain position in the enlarged end of the slot to preventcndwisc movement of the tongue and when turned to a position forengagement with the narrow portion of the slot to permit endwisemovement of said tongue.

2. In a hand tool, a pair of heads fitted together and havin forwardlyprojecting jaws, a lever rigid with and projecting from one of theheads. and a second lever reduced in thickness at its front end to forma tongue to fit between. said heads and provided with a longitudinalkeyhole slot, a pivot extending centrally through said heads and saidslot and flattened within the latter and capable of turning in theenlarged end but not in the narrow end thereof, and adapted whenoccupying a certain position in the enlarged end of the slot topreventcndwise movement of the tongue and when turned to a position forengagement with the narrow portion of the slot to permit endwisemovement. of said tongue, and means for securing the tongue-carryinglever in rigid relation to the head not provided with the rigid lever,when the pivot is in engagementwith the narrow end of the slot.

A tool, comprising a member consisting of a circular head, a forwardlyprojecting jaw and a rearwardly projecting lever, a second memberconsisting of a circular head fitting against the first-named head andprovided at one side of its center with a forwardly pro ecting aw, and alever extending reaiwvardly from said second head and provided with atongue fitting flatly between the said heads, said tongue having akeyhole slot; a pivot extending pivot-ally through the said heads andsaid slot and of oblong form in cross section within said slot andcapable of turning in the enlarged end and incapable of turning in thenarrow end of said slot, and means for preventing accidental turningmovement of the pivot.

-.t. A tool, comprising a member consisting of a circular head providedwith a for- \vardly projecting jaw anda rearwardly project'ing lever, asecond member consisting of a head to tit against the first-named headand provided with a forwardly projecting jaw, a headed bolt extendingcentrally through said heads to hold them'togetl er and provided y'yitha flattened po'rt1on, a second lever having a tongue fitting betweensaid heads, provided with a keyhole slot receiving said bolt 'androtatable onsaid holtwhen the flattened portion of the latter engagesthe enlarged end of the slot and rotatable with the bolt when theflattened portion of the latter en ages the narrow ortion of said slot,means or interlocking t 1e lastnamed lever with the last-named head whenthe flattened portion of the bolt is engaging the enlarged portion ofsaid slot, a retaining device secured on the non-headed end of saidbolt, and a spring washer interposedbetween said retaining means and theadjacent head of the tool.

5. In a tool, a pair of heads fitted together, a lever rigid with one ofthe heads, a second lever having one end fitting between said heads andprovided at such end with a keyhole slot, a pivot extending through saidheads and keyhole slot and flattened within the latter and capable ofbeing independently turned when the flattened port ion engages theenlarged end of the slot and incapable of being turned independentlywhen said flattened portion engages the narrow portion of said slot, andmeans for interlockin the last-named lever-,with the last-named headwhen the flattened portion of the pivot is engaging the enlarged portionof the slot.

In testimony whereof I atiix my signature, inthe presence of twowitnesses.

- JOHN H. BALDWIN.

Witnesses Cnas. B. Scans, PERCY-C. FREEMAN.

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